Ikhadi leMbala eliMgangatho eliTyala abantu abaDiyayo kufuneka bazi

1.PANTONE

I-Pantone kufuneka ibe yeyona inxibelelana kakhulu neengcali zeempahla, zokuprinta kunye nezokudaya.Ikomkhulu eCarlsdale, eNew Jersey, ligunya elamkelwa kwihlabathi jikelele kuphuhliso kunye nophando lombala kunye nomthengisi weenkqubo zemibala, ukubonelela ngoshicilelo kunye nobunye ubuchwephesha obuhambelanayo obufana nobuchwephesha bedijithali, amalaphu, ukhetho lombala lobuchwephesha kunye neelwimi zonxibelelwano ezichanekileyo kwiiplastiki, izakhiwo. kunye noyilo lwangaphakathi.

Amakhadi ombala oshishino lwamalaphu ngamakhadi e-PANTONE TX, ahlulwe abe yi-PANTONE TPX (ikhadi lephepha) kunye ne-PANTONE TCX (ikhadi lomqhaphu).Amakhadi e-PANTONE C kunye no-U asetyenziswa rhoqo kushishino lokushicilela.

Kwiminyaka eyi-19 edlulileyo, umbala wefashoni yonyaka wePantone uye waba ngummeli wemibala edumileyo yehlabathi!

Ikhadi lombala we-2.CNCS: Ikhadi loMbala loMbala weSizwe laseTshayina.

Ukusukela ngo-2001, iZiko leeNkcukacha zeTekhnoloji yaseChina lenze "iProjekthi yoPhando lweMbala eSebenzisiweyo yaseChina" yeSebe lezeNzululwazi kunye neTekhnoloji kwaye yaseka inkqubo yemibala ye-CNCS.Emva koko, uphando olubanzi lombala lwenziwa, kwaye ulwazi lombala lwaqokelelwa ngesebe lophando lweZiko, iChina Fashion Color Association, amaqabane angaphandle, abathengi, abaqulunqi, njl.njl ukwenza uphando lwemarike.Emva kweminyaka emininzi yomsebenzi onzima, inguqulelo yokuqala yenkqubo yombala yaphuhliswa kwaye izinto kunye neenkqubo ezisetyenzisiweyo zagqitywa.

Inombolo ye-CNCSCOLOR enamanani asi-7, amanani ama-3 okuqala yi-hue, idijithi ephakathi ezi-2 kukuqaqamba, kwaye imivo emi-2 yokugqibela yichroma.

IsiHue (Hue)

I-Hue ihlukaniswe ngamanqanaba e-160, kwaye uluhlu lwelebula luyi-001-160.I-hue ihlelwe ngokulandelelana kombala ukusuka ebomvu ukuya ephuzi, eluhlaza, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emfusa, njl njl kwi-counterclockwise direction kwi-ring hue.I-CNCS hue ring iboniswe kuMfanekiso 1.

Ukuqaqamba

Yahlulahlulwe yangamanqanaba angama-99 okukhanya phakathi kokulungileyo okumnyama kunye nomhlophe ofanelekileyo.Amanani okuqaqamba acwangciswe ukusuka ku-01 ukuya ku-99, ukusuka kwincinci ukuya enkulu (okt ukusuka kubunzulu ukuya kubunzulu).

Chroma

Inombolo yechroma iqala ku-01 kwaye inyuswe ngokulandelelana ngombindi weringi ye-hue ukusuka kwicala lemitha, efana no-01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06… Ichroma ephantsi kakhulu enechroma engaphantsi kwe-01 iboniswe ngu-00.

 3.DIC UMBALA

Ikhadi lombala we-DIC, elivela eJapan, lisetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso, ukuyila imizobo, ukupakishwa, ukuprintwa kwephepha, iingubo zezakhiwo, i-inki, i-textile, ukuprinta kunye nokudaya, ukuyila njalo njalo.

1. MUNSELL

Ikhadi lombala libizwa ngokuba ngumbala waseMelika u-Albert H. Munsell (1858-1918).Inkqubo yemibala ye-Munsell iye yahlaziywa ngokuphindaphindiweyo yi-Bureau yeMigangatho yeSizwe kunye ne-Optical Society, kwaye ibe yenye yeendlela ezisemgangathweni eziqatshelweyo zemibala kwibala lombala.

 5.NCS

Uphando lwe-NCS lwaqala ngo-1611 kwaye luye lwaba ngumgangatho wokuhlola welizwe lonke eSweden, eNorway, eSpain, njl njl. Yinkqubo yombala esetyenziswa kakhulu eYurophu.Ichaza umbala ngokujonga umbala weliso.Umbala womphezulu uchazwa kwikhadi lombala le-NCS kwaye inombolo yombala inikwe.

Ikhadi lombala we-NCS linokugqiba iimpawu ezisisiseko zombala ngenombolo yombala, njengale: ubumnyama, i-chroma, ubumhlophe, kunye ne-hue.Inombolo yekhadi lombala we-NCS ichaza iimpawu ezibonakalayo zombala, kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-pigment formulation kunye neeparameters optical.

6.I-RAL, ikhadi lombala weRaul yaseJamani.

Umgangatho waseJamani waseYurophu nawo usetyenziswa kakhulu kumazwe ngamazwe.Ngowe-1927, xa iRAL yayibandakanyeke kushishino lwemibala, yavelisa ulwimi olumanyeneyo olwamisela amanani asemgangathweni namagama emibala emibalabala, eyayiqondwa yaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ehlabathini lonke.Umbala we-RAL we-4 usetyenziswe njengomgangatho wombala we-70 iminyaka kwaye ukhule ngaphezu kwe-200.