Mitundu ya sulfurendi mamolekyu ovuta a heterocyclic kapena zosakaniza zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kusungunuka kapena kuwira kwamagulu okhala ndi amino kapena nitro magulu okhala ndi Na-polysulphide ndi Sulphur.Utoto wa sulfure umatchedwa chifukwa chakuti onse ali ndi mgwirizano wa Sulfure mkati mwa mamolekyu awo.
Utoto wa sulfure ndi wamitundumitundu, wosasungunuka m'madzi ndipo umayenera kusinthidwa kukhala mawonekedwe osungunuka amadzi (lucoforms) asanagwiritse ntchito pazovalazo.Kutembenuka uku kumachitika ndi chithandizo chokhala ndi chochepetsera ngati kusungunula amadzimadzi Na2S.Popeza lucoform iyi ya utoto wa Sulfur ndiyofunikira kuzinthu zama cellulosic.Iwo amatengeka pa ulusi pamwamba.Kenako amatembenuzidwanso choyambirira chamadzi chosasungunuka cha utoto ndi okosijeni.Oxidation iyi imachitika ndi "airing" (kutengera mpweya) kapena kugwiritsa ntchito oxidizing ngati Na-dichromate (Na2Cr2O7).
Ochepetsera amasintha "S" mu utoto kukhala -SH gulu ndi kulumikizana kwa Sulfure.Kenako mkati mwazinthu zomwe ma thiols omwe ali ndi magulu a -SH amakhala oxidized ndipo amasinthidwa kukhala utoto woyambirira.
Izi zikuwonetsedwa pansipa:
Dye-SS-Dye + 2[H] = Dye-SH + HS-Dye
Dye-SH + HS-Dye +[O] = Dye-SS-Dye + H2O
Sulfure imapereka zotsatira zabwino (Bright Tone) ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mithunzi yakuda, yakuda & bulauni koma mithunzi yofiyira singapezeke ndi utoto wa Sulfur.
Mbiri ya utoto wa Sulfur ingafotokozedwe mwachidule motere:
1. Mitundu yoyamba ya Sulfur yomwe inapangidwa mu 1873 kutentha inawona fumbi, caustic soda ndi Sulphur.Zinachitika mwangozi pamene chotengera cha Na2S chinali kutayikira ndipo fumbi la macheka linagwiritsidwa ntchito kupukuta yankho lomwe likutuluka.Kenako nsalu ya thonje ikakumana ndi utuchi woipitsidwawu ndi kuipitsidwa.
2. Mpainiya weniweni wa utoto wa Sulfur anali vidal yemwe amapanga vidal black (Dzina la Sulphur dye) posakaniza para-phenylene diamine ndi Na2S & Sulfur mu 1893.
3. Mu 1897 Kalischer anapanga Immedial Black FF ndi kutentha 2, 4-dinitro-4-dihydroxy diphenylamine ndi Na-poly sulphide.
4. Mu 1896 Read Holliday adayambitsa mitundu yambiri ya imvi, yofiirira ndi yakuda ya Sulfur pogwiritsa ntchito Sulphur, alkali sulphides ndi mankhwala ambiri achilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-08-2020