Sulfur dyesyog complex heterocyclic molecules los yog sib tov tsim los ntawm melting los yog boiling organic tebchaw muaj amino los yog nitro pawg nrog Na-polysulphide thiab Sulphur.Sulfur dyes yog hu ua raws li lawv txhua tus muaj Sulfur linkage nyob rau hauv lawv cov molecules.

Sulfur dyes yog cov xim zoo nkauj heev, cov dej tsis sib xyaw ua ke thiab yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau hauv dej soluble substantive forms (lucoforms) ua ntej siv rau cov ntaub ntawv textile.Qhov kev hloov pauv no yog ua los ntawm kev kho mob nrog tus neeg sawv cev txo qis xws li dilute aqueous Na2S.Txij li qhov lucoform ntawm Sulfur dye yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov ntaub ntawv cellulosic.Lawv yog absorbed rau ntawm fiber ntau.Tom qab ntawd lawv tau hloov dua siab tshiab cov dej tsis sib haum ntawm cov xim los ntawm oxidation.Qhov no oxidation yog ua los ntawm "airing" (xws li huab cua) los yog siv ib tug oxidizing neeg sawv cev zoo li Na-dichromate (Na2Cr2O7).

Cov tshuaj txo qis hloov cov "S" hauv cov xim rau hauv -SH pawg thiab cov Sulfur linkages.Tom qab ntawd hauv cov khoom siv cov thiols uas muaj -SH pawg yog oxidized & yog li reconverted rau thawj daim ntawv dye.

Qhov no yog qhia hauv qab no:

Dye-SS-Dye + 2[H] = Dye-SH + HS-Dye

Dye-SH + HS-Dye + [O] = Dye-SS-Dye + H₂O

Sulfur muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws (Bright Tone) thaum lawv siv los tsim cov xim dub, Dub & xim av, tab sis xim liab tsis tuaj yeem tau los ntawm Sulfur dyes.
 
Cov keeb kwm ntawm Sulfur dyes tuaj yeem raug sau tseg raws li hauv qab no:

1. Thawj Sulfur dyes uas ua rau xyoo 1873 cua sov pom hmoov av, caustic soda thiab Sulphur.Nws tshwm sim los ntawm lub sijhawm thaum lub nkoj tshuaj tiv thaiv uas muaj Na2S tau xau thiab pom cov plua plav tau siv los so cov tshuaj tawm los.Tom qab ntawd cov paj rwb npuag tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov kab mob uas tsis muaj kab mob no thiab ua stained.

2. Tus pioneer tiag tiag ntawm Sulfur dyes yog vidal uas tsim vidal dub (Lub npe ntawm Sulfur dye) los ntawm fusing para-phenylene diamine nrog Na2S & Sulfur hauv 1893.

3. Nyob rau hauv 1897 Kalischer tsim Immedial Black FF los ntawm cua sov 2, 4-dinitro-4-dihydroxy diphenylamine nrog Na-poly sulphide.

4. Nyob rau hauv 1896 Nyeem Holliday qhia txog ntau yam ntawm grey, xim av thiab dub Sulfur dyes los ntawm kev ua ntawm Sulphur, alkali sulphides thiab ntau cov organic tebchaw.